"Para compreender o Islão".
Assim se intitula o número especial de Novembro da revista História, constituída por um conjunto de textos em torno da temática. Não a esgotando, obviamente, tais textos fazem abordagens de forma variada, encontrando-se organizados, na sua globalidade, por ordem cronológica, dando uma perspectiva evolutiva do mundo islâmico.
Resultando de uma junção de autores nacionais e estrangeiros (temos textos retirados das revistas L'Histoire e History Today), este número da revista História é, inequivocamente, um importante instrumento para reflexão e para um melhor conhecimento daquele que foi o Portugal muçulmano, onde existem importantes vestígios até hoje.
Em anexo apresentamos, então, os textos constituintes deste número especial de publicação.
NOTA: Alguns destes textos serão por nós editados neste blog.
REVISTA HISTÓRIA
NÚMERO ESPECIAL NOVEMBRO 2003
PARA COMPREENDER MELHOR O ISLÃO
-Entrevista com Cláudio Torres
"A civilização islâmica é a última grande civilização mediterrânica"
Ao contrário do que diz o mito, a civilização islâmica não veio do deserto e era impensável que tal tivesse sucedido, diz o arqueólogo Cláudio Torres, o fundador do primeiro museu islâmico de Portugal. A civilização islâmica é a soma, a continuidade das velhas e milenares civilizações que convergem lentamente ao longo dos séculos para o apogeu civilizacional dos séculos X-XI. Surgiu fundamentalmente nas grandes cidades do Próximo Oriente, em Alexandria, no Cairo, em Antioquia. É uma civilização profundamente urbana, que nasce dentro das comunidades mercadoras do Mediterrâneo. E que entra em decadência por circunstâncias ainda não claramente esclarecidas.
Christian Julien Robin
"As tribos da Arábia deserta"
Quem são os primeiros árabes? Há três mil anos: agricultores e pastores nómadas que viviam nas margens do deserto. Tribos que falam línguas parecidas mas que cada uma adora os seus deuses. Sem terem consciência de pertencer a um mesmo conjunto.
Gabriel Martinez-Gros
"Maomé o profeta guerreiro"
O Islão está no centro de todas as questões. Para compreender hoje a sua relação com a paz, a guerra, as outras religiões, as mulheres ou o mundo moderno, é necessário ir às origens. A Maomé: profeta, líder guerreiro, homem de Estado.
Philip Mansel
"A capital europeia dos muculmanos"
Constantinopla, hoje Istambul, a Cidade dos Sultões a partir de 1453, caracterizou-se por um vibrante multiculturalismo até ao desaparecimento dos otomanos em 1922.
Nuno Crato
"Da tradução à criação da ciência árabe"
Devemos à civilização islâmica a preservação dos escritos clássicos e a sua transmissão posterior ao Ocidente renascentista. Mas não só. Conhecem-se ainda mal as possíveis fontes de origem islâmica de Francisco Maurolico, Pedro Nunes, Nicolau Copérnico e de outros homens da ciência europeia. Mas as contribuições da ciência árabe no campo das matemáticas, das ciências náuticas e da astronomia deixaram marcas indeléveis. Basta pronunciar a palavra "álgebra", por exemplo.
Bruno Cardoso Reis
"O fim dos Otomanos. A lenta agonia de um Império"
Que importa hoje, 80 anos depois, o fim do Império Otomano? Muito, para muitos muçulmanos e mesmo para muitos turcos. A questão continua a provocar animados debates entre defensores e apositores do laicismo e do regresso à pureza do Islão por todo o Médio Oriente. A sua queda marcou o início de décadas de uma decadência nunca vista no poderio do Mundo Islâmico.
Luis Leiria
"O Médio Oriente depois da Primeira Guerra"
O actual puzzle do Médio Oriente começou a ser delineado depois da Primeira Guerra Mundial, com o desmembramento do Império Otomano. O resultado mostrou que não é fácil, mesmo para as principais potências do planeta, fazer e desfazer países.
Luis Leiria
"Dos nacionalismos aos fundamentalismos"
O nacionalismo árabe viveu momentos de glória nas independências do pós-guerra e nos anos 50 e 60. Mas as derrotas sucessivas diante de Israel e a impotência perante a questão palestiniana, bem como os seus próprios impasses internos, levaram-no ao declínio e, em muitos casos, à destruição. Humilhado, o mundo árabe procura outras saídas.
"As terras da Moura Encantada"
O legado islâmico em Portugal merece uma, muitas, visitas. Aqui fica o convite e os roteiros.
Circuito 1- A Arte Mudéjar
Circuito 2- Entre Mouros e Moçárabes
Circuito 3- Idanha. Terras de Fronteira
Circuito 4- A estrada do Gharb
Circuito 5- Um reino de Taifa. Mértola
Circuito 6- Guadiana: o grande rio do Sul
Circuito 7- Entre o Algarve e a Serra
Circuito 8- Silves: capital da Arte Almóada
Circuito 9- O cabo do fim do mundo
Circuito 10- Castelos do Sado
Manuela Garcia
"Casa com vista para o Islão"
A alentejana Mértola é hoje ponto de passagem na rota do turismo cultural. Mas nem sempre assim foi. Quem a conheceu há 25 anos nota-lhe as diferenças. Por essa altura, a convite de um aluno que era também o presidente da Câmara local, o então professor da Faculdade de Letras Cláudio Torres acede a ir à vila ver "os cacos" que se avistavam no pátio do castelo. Ao olhá-los, o arqueólogo percebeu que estava ali um mundo novo por descobrir: o Islão. Esse foi o primeiro dia do Museu Islâmico de Mértola.
Edward Said
"Uma crise sem precedentes. A condição árabe"
Precisamos que todas as forças intelectuais e todas as forças políticas lutem connosco [os árabes] contra o esquema imperialista que pretende reformular as nossas vidas sem o nosso consentimento. Porque tem a resistência de ficar entregue apenas ao extremismo e a bombistas suicidas desesperados?
Publicado por sandra em novembro 14, 2003 09:03 PMBoa Tarde!
Eu gostaria de saber se seria possível arranjarem-me icons relacionados com o Islão, pelo facto de ter estado de férias no ano passado na turquia e ter vindo de lá encantada com a cultura do povo e dos seus pictogramas associados á religião.
Obrigada pela atenção dispensada.
Atentamente
Carla Ferreira
Porra, vc podia botar umas fotinhas no site, né?
Afixado por: Laura em fevereiro 24, 2004 10:14 PMActualmente, estou a fazer um trabalho sobre a comunidade islamica em portugal, para a disciplina de interacção cultural em sociedades complexas. Assim, gostaria que me facultassem imagens fotográficas e alguma bibliografia sobre esta cultura.
Agradeço a vossa disponibilidade,
Marta Santos
Estou, fazendo um trabalho sobre o Islão, e gostaria de receber em meu e-mail fotos texto comportamento bibliografia sobre este tema.
Afixado por: waldney francisco em março 26, 2004 06:56 PMESTOU FAZENDO 1 TRABALHO SOBRE O IMPERIO ISLAMICO GOSTARIA DE SABER + SOBRE:LOCALIZAÇÃO,RELEVO,CLIMA,HIDROGRAFIA,VEGETAÇANTES E DEPOIS DE MAOMÉ,ATÉ OS DIAS DE HOJE,POVO,RIQUEZA,ORGANIZAÇ POLITICA,FORMA DE GOVERNO,RELIGIÃO,CULTURA,COSTUMES,TRADIÇ,ALIMENTAÇ,FESTAS,VESTUARIO,CONTRIBUIÇ CULTURAL.
SE TIVEREM ALGO QUE POSSA ME AJUDAR FICAREI GRATA
Esta pagina é uma grande riqueza.
Gostaria de saber mais sobre o islão.
Vocês me podiam mandar bibliografia sobre a causa do conflito israel-palestino?
Auardo ansioso.
Mussamo.
cocodevorazinfiar?
abidabidubidei
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Afixado por: Cocodevo em maio 16, 2004 09:33 PMsexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo sexo
Afixado por: Cocodevo em maio 16, 2004 09:34 PMEssa pagina eh uma bosta, se toca cara
Afixado por: Cocodevo em maio 16, 2004 09:35 PMPodem dar-me mais informações sobre o Islão?
Afixado por: Luís Neves em maio 28, 2004 11:35 AMé possível me enviar informações sobre o período de expansão e decadência do império islâmico, pois os livros didáticos são algo muito fúteis e superficiais...
Afixado por: Hugo Zago em agosto 24, 2004 07:19 PMneste momento em que o mundo se encontra, gostaria de conhecer mais de perto toda a história do islão desde a nascença até aos dias de hoje, para assim melhor compreender o que se está a passar no mundo islamico, agradecia o favor de enviarem referencias de leitura ou mesmo textos da net. muito agradecido.
Afixado por: Pedro Rodrigues em outubro 6, 2004 12:32 PM